We got acquainted with some of the symptoms of MS in the first part; In this section, we will learn more about the causes, ways of treatment and management of its symptoms. Be with Dr. Salam.
1- What is the cause of MS?
The root of the disease is still unknown. The disease is more common in areas far from the equator, including the Scandinavian countries and the rest of northern Europe. There is less sunlight in these areas.
Therefore, in some studies, the role of vitamin D (known as sunlight vitamin) is considered to be involved in its occurrence. Genetics also play a role in this disease.
2- Who is most at risk?
Women are at least twice as likely as men to get the disease. It is also more common in Caucasians. Of course, age is also important; Because the conditions that cause it to spread are between the ages of 20-50, and at these ages the chances of getting it are higher.
3- MS, how is it going?
Most physicians consider four models of the disease:
– Recurrent modelSymptoms: Sudden tingling during acute attacks; They are then completely fixed or rejected. This model is the most common model of the disease.
– Progressive model – basic The course of the disease is slow, but gradually, the symptoms increase.
– Progressive model – secondary : It starts like a recurring model but moves towards the progressive.
– Progressive-recurrent model : The disorder is getting worse all the time. The patient has an acute relapse stage, which may occur in the past and later, but may not. This model is less common than others.
4- MS and weather
Research shows that the disorder may become more active during the summer months. High temperatures and humidity temporarily worsen the symptoms. Too low (too cold) temperatures as well as sudden temperature changes may exacerbate symptoms.
5- Treatment of MS: Medications
Because there is no cure for the disease, doctors use disease-modifying drugs, which reduce the recurrence and severity of attacks. Taking these drugs can often cause less damage to the brain and spinal cord. It also leads to slow progression of the disease.
When seizures occur, taking high doses of corticosteroids can stop it in a short time. Many medications can also regulate the symptoms of MS, such as muscle cramps. urinary incontinence And also pain.
6- Treatment of MS: Pain management
Half of people with MS have some form of widespread pain; Whether as a short current from the nervous system or due to muscle cramps or strains or even damage to them. Doctors prescribe anticonvulsants and antidepressants to relieve nerve pain. Analgesics and antispasmodics may also be prescribed. Muscle pain also responds well to massage and physiotherapy.
7- Treatment of MS: Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy is very helpful in strengthening the muscles and fighting cramps as well as easy muscle movement. Professional treatments can be very helpful in maintaining hand coordination for dressing and writing. A speech therapist can also help if they have difficulty speaking or swallowing.
8- Complementary therapies
Some people say that acupuncture reduces symptoms such as muscle cramps and pain; But this research has not yet been fully confirmed. The rest of the reports are about the usefulness and effectiveness of bee venom injection. During a 24-week study, no improvement was shown in disability, fatigue, or some symptoms. It is important for your doctor to be aware of the complementary treatments you are taking.
9- MS and pregnancy
Many women have fewer symptoms during this time. High levels of hormones and proteins may temporarily suppress the immune system and reduce the chances of new attacks. Talk to your doctor about using MS medications.
10- MS and sports
Exercise can ease stiffness, fatigue and other symptoms. But it can make muscle cramps worse. It is best to start exercising slowly. Start with ten minutes a day and then gradually increase the time.
11- MS Vision
Many people with the disease have a normal or near-normal life expectancy. Thanks to effective medications, rehabilitation treatments, assistive devices, and many people with MS who are still actively working despite their symptoms, and enjoying their life, family, and favorite activities. And appreciated.
اولRead the first part of this article: Everything About Multiple Sclerosis or MS – Part One
Translated by: Sima Azadfallah
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