Causes of azoospermia in men

What types of treatments are there for azoospermia and what treatment methods should be taken by those suffering from this condition?

Azoospermia means the lack of sperm in the semen, which includes a wide range of diseases and many reasons contribute to its occurrence.
In an interview with Salamaneh, Dr. Mohammad Reza Safarinejad said: “Inside each testicle, there are about 200 spermatogenic tubes, in which germ cells are divided and after going through various stages, they become mature sperm and through the seminal tube They enter and exit the seminal fluid. The process of sperm production in men is very complicated, and to diagnose this disease, sampling of the testicles, or a biopsy, is needed.”

He further stated: “There is no treatment for men with azoospermia who lack germ cells in the testicles, and in patients who have halted sperm development, every effort should be made to determine the cause.”

Pointing out that in cases where the cause of azoospermia is not known, treatment is usually not possible, he said: “One of the important causes of this disease is the inappropriate and excessive use of steroid hormones or testosterone, which is mostly used by athletes, but today in combination A large number of fat-burning drugs can also be found in large quantities from these hormones. Other things that can stop the production of sperm in the testicles include diabetes, sarcoidosis, kidney failure and increased calcium in the blood. However, in practice, it is rare to find a cause for this disease, and the vast majority of cases are congenital. Today, there is effective treatment for cases of sperm stasis, provided that it is in advanced stages. Out of every 3 people with this disease, with treatment, one person will have mature sperm in the semen.”
Stating that this treatment is expensive and the duration of the treatment is 6-12 months, this university professor noted: “In humans, sperm development has 6 stages and lasts 64 days. It means that a germ cell needs to wait 64 days to become a mature sperm. For this reason, any type of treatment to improve sperm quality requires at least 6 months of time or 2 periods of sperm development.
At the end, Safarinejad emphasized that the correct diagnosis of this disease is very important and said: “A significant number of cases in which a patient with azoospermia has been diagnosed as having no germ cells, in the examination and further sampling, it is found that they not only have cells It is reproductive, but these cells have also evolved to a significant extent. If the size of the testicles and the level of FSH hormone are normal in a man with azoospermia, it is likely that he has a stop in the process of sperm production. Therefore, the basis of diagnosis is correct and multiple sampling of both testicles and the presence of a skilled and experienced pathologist who can recognize and report the stages of development in the samples.