We review anthrax together
Anthrax is an infection that occurs among wild and domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats. Untreated anthrax in any form can be serious or fatal. A person infected with anthrax can spread the disease to others.
anthrax It is an infection caused by a type of bacteria called Gram-positive bacillusBacillus anthracus) occurs. This bacterium produces spores. Spores can remain in the soil for years, and if they can enter the body, they can cause anthrax Although this disease is common among farm animals, humans are also infected through contact with sick animals.
How do humans get anthrax?
If a person is exposed to spores, it is possible to get this disease, but he must be in contact with them in one of the following three ways.
1)Thousands of spores enter the lungs.
2)Eat meat contaminated with spores.
3)touch the spore-contaminated material and the spores enter his body through the wound on his hand.
Is this disease contagious?
Sickness anthrax It is not contagious, that is, you will not get the disease from someone who has it, but some diseases are contagious, such as the flu.
People with anthrax are often treated with antibiotics.
Its agent is a large bacillus (a type of bacteria) with the ability to produce spores, which is very resistant to harsh environmental conditions and survives for a long time in the air and especially in the soil. This bacillus is more common in animals, so people who are in contact with infected animals and animal products are more likely to get infected.
– What are the ways of disease transmission?
Contact with microbial contaminating spores through the skin, mucosa, respiratory or digestive system. Person-to-person transmission is extremely rare.
– Incubation period of the disease
It is about 7 days after the call. The number of 8000 to 50000 microorganisms is necessary for inhalation contamination.
What are the symptoms of the disease?
The skin type is often in the form of localized swelling or a painless, black, necrotizing skin ulcer, leaving behind an eschar after healing.
Respiratory anthrax may have flu-like symptoms, and in advanced cases, it may manifest as hemorrhagic pneumonia, which can be fatal.
How is the disease diagnosed?
Positive blood culture with Gram Stain
Specific laboratory diagnostic methods
What are the prevention methods?
Use of vaccination in people at risk
Taking antibiotics penicillin, doxycycline and preferably ciprofloxacin under the supervision of a doctor
Anthrax vaccine is prepared from the Sterne strain of Bacillus anthracis, which produces toxin in non-lethal amounts and can create protective antibodies.
Immunization is done with the help of two subcutaneous injections at intervals of two weeks and then three injections at 6, 12 and 18 months. Annual booster injection is also recommended.
Vaccine injection is allowed for healthy people aged 18 to 65 and should not be used for pregnant women.
What is the treatment?
It is under the doctor’s supervision by using penicillin-doxycycline antibiotics and preferably ciprofloxacin. So far, resistance has not been significantly exceeded.
Early treatment is helpful.
Respiratory anthrax is 100% fatal after the onset of clinical symptoms despite treatment.
Source – explanation