Important and necessary points regarding the sexual health of adolescents
On the other hand, the society and even the key decision-makers are not aware of the sensitivity of the issue and the need for joint activity, and as a result, they do not have a correct understanding of the physical and mental needs of this era, which is an important factor in the way of providing educational and health care services. Young men and women are current parents or parents of the future generation who must be given the opportunity to develop their capacity for full health, learn how to raise healthy children, and avoid the dangers of early sexual activity and early pregnancy. Be aware for yourself and society and avoid it. The importance of this issue is due to the large amount of young population aged 15-24 years.
Currently, the average age of puberty has decreased and the age of marriage is increasing. Also, traditional beliefs have been changing, decreasing the influence and influence of the family, urbanization, immigration, development, tourism, and mass communication have brought about vast changes in sexual and social behavior, and as a result, today’s teenagers are more exposed to sexual relations than before. are premature.
Studies show that in some areas of Africa, 50-80% of people aged 15-19 and in another study in America, two-thirds of single women have had sex. Teenage pregnancy and childbirth increase maternal and infant mortality rates. Also, because teenagers are reluctant to use contraceptive methods, the number of unwanted pregnancies, illegal abortions, and sexually transmitted diseases due to unprotected resistance increases. Prematurity and low weight are more common in children resulting from this type of pregnancy. Also, the children of these young mothers are exposed to various abuses and are abandoned. As long as these issues continue, the creativity and idealism of the youth in the society will be analyzed and composed. In order to prevent these problems, appropriate ways should be considered with the participation of the youth and according to their specific culture.
The World Health Organization, the United Nations Population Fund and the United Nations Children’s Fund have announced their readiness for the necessary support in this field. At the International Population Conference in 1984, governments were called to take measures in the field of early pregnancy prevention, sex education and guidance on family planning, as well as making these services available to adolescents.
In the global fertility survey, we have come to the conclusion that:
* Educated women are more capable
* Their position in the family is improved
* They have more power in managing their lives
As long as the sexual affairs of teenagers in most societies are confidential, this group will remain indifferent to the dangers of unprotected sexual activities.
Information sources and means of preventing pregnancy are rarely available to teenagers. Uninformed and unprotected sexual activities cause an increase in sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS.
Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize on continuing the education of adolescents, especially girls, and improving the level of society’s culture, and because the fertility patterns and sexual behavior of young people are affected by social factors and in relation to their emotions and psychological satisfaction, raising the skills and understanding of people who influence young people. They let it take a lot of benefits. A lot of effort should be made in facing the special needs of young people and providing appropriate and accessible services.
As long as sexual affairs in teenagers are confidential in most societies, this group will remain unaware of the dangers of unprotected sexual activities. Information sources and means of pregnancy prevention are rarely available to teenagers.
Unaware and unprotected sexual activities cause an increase in sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS. The available information shows that the rate of sexually specific sexually transmitted diseases is the highest in the age group of 15-19 years, and the age-specific hospitalization rate due to pelvic diseases, cervical cancer in countries Industrialization has increased.
Statistical information about AIDS patients shows that in many cases HIV infection is the result of sexual relations during adolescence.
In a research conducted in Iran, the following results were obtained:
1) Social and family obstacles for the education of pubertal health issues are non-existent or very few, contrary to popular opinion, this success is due to the justification and explanation of the plan to the political-religious officials before implementing the coordination of education or religious beliefs and beliefs, paying attention to the nuances Cultural, using trusted people and contacts trusted by people, paying attention to beliefs and religious beliefs, paying attention to local beliefs and beliefs, respecting families and using correct educational methods.
2) The level of literacy of mothers can have an effective role in transferring education to girls.
3) It is necessary to start teaching at a younger age of 9-10 years so that there is no ambiguity for girls when dealing with the symptoms of puberty and menstruation. It is also necessary to teach other aspects of reproductive health at older ages.
4) Girls have very little information about physical changes and mood, psychological and social symptoms of puberty, and this is more noticeable about psychological symptoms and behavioral and diagnostic development. Education has increased the information, improved the attitude and performance of girls, and has caused a positive attitude towards the phenomenon of puberty and acceptance of the changes of puberty as physiological changes, which removes concerns, strengthens the sense of self-confidence and self-respect.
5) Among the various educational methods such as textbooks, health care personnel, etc., girls have considered their mothers to be the most competent and reliable way of obtaining information, therefore, the strategy of education through the family by means of an organized and volunteer force of the people, i.e. health liaisons, considering the continuity Their relationship with their families and class, academic and social coordination with them is the most reliable, effective, feasible and continuous way to educate girls.
As a community-based educational approach, this strategy is considered the best way to meet educational needs as well as cultural and social change.
Barriers to adolescent reproductive health
1) Often, there is no coherent policy to support and maintain adolescent reproductive health, and if there is, it does not meet the current and future needs. In general, society and even key decision makers are not aware of the need for joint activity and the sensitivity of the issue.
2) Teenagers do not get the necessary information and guidance at home and school.
3) Unfortunately, the only way to get information for these curious people is non-scientific publications, television and western movies with images that show and spread deviations and miseducation more than teaching correct and wise sexual relations.
4) Young and older people (including school administrators and parents, etc.) are not only often not aware of and sensitive to the specific issues of young people, but these people are usually unable to have an effective relationship in the field of meeting their needs due to being embarrassed and ashamed of talking and discussing sexual matters. Establish training with them. This causes the participation of young people in educational programs and services for their peers, either in terms of recognizing their special needs or determining the quantity and quality of these services.