What is gangrene?
Gangaria means dead tissue. Gangrene occurs when a wound Infection Or the tissue is damaged as a result of the injury. Gangrene can occur anywhere on the body, but the most common places gangrene can occur are the feet, toes and toes, fingers, hands, and forearms. The most dangerous place to get gangrene is the abdominal viscera.
Symptoms of gangrene include:
Blackening of the skin with Muscle death And the bones below it are symptoms of gangrene.
One of the symptoms of gangrene is cracking of the skin. In this case, it is as if pressure is applied to the air bubbles under the skin.
Swelling is another symptom of gangrene.
Pain or numbness in the area is also a common symptom of gangrene.
A common symptom of gangrene is foul-smelling discharge from wounds in dead tissue.
Mild fever up to 38.3 degrees Celsius is also a symptom of gangrene.
reasons Sickness قرقاریا
Gangrene occurs when blood flow to a part of the body stops or is severely reduced. Blood flow can be stopped in the following cases, resulting in gangrene:
Infection with Clostridium perfringens can lead to gangrene.
Another cause of gangrene is the formation of a blood clot in an artery.
Tissue damage from accidents, surgery, or deep piercing wounds can cause gangrene.
Crushing that cuts off blood flow can cause gangrene.
Another cause of gangrene is atherosclerosis (hardening and flexibility of the arteries).
Prolonged frostbite can lead to gangrene.
Risk factors قرقاریا
* Diabetes mellitus is one of the effective factors in causing gangrene.
Low blood flow to a specific tissue can cause gangrene.
* Old age is one of the influential factors in gangrene.
* Smoking is one of the effective factors in causing gangrene because it causes circulatory disorders.
* Alcohol abuse, which disrupts the function of blood vessels, can lead to gangrene.
Types of gangrene
Gangrene occurs when blood flow to a part of the body stops
Two important types of gangrene are dry gangrene and wet gangrene. Many causes of dry gangrene are not infectious (microbial). But all types of wet gangrene are infectious, meaning they are caused by bacteria. Common sites of both types of gangrene include the fingers, toes, arms, and legs.
– More gangrene
Wet gangrene, also called wet, is one of the most dangerous types of gangrene. If this type of gangrene is not treated, the patient usually develops a sepsis and dies after a few hours or days.
If a part of the body becomes infected and the infection is not treated, due to the inflammation of the tissue in that area, not enough blood reaches there and gas and bacterial toxins are produced, and eventually all these factors cause wet gangrene. Decreased blood flow due to cuts or vascular damage can also cause wet gangrene. Wet gangrene has a watery or purulent discharge at the site of the lesion, hence it is called wet.
– Dry gangrene
If dry gangrene is not infected, it will not cause death. Anyway; This type of gangrene is caused by tissue death. Dry gangrene usually progresses slowly, lasting days to months. Many diseases lead to dry gangrene, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, smoking and smoking.
Dry blood clots occur within a few hours to a few days when the blood vessels close and blood flow to a part of the body is cut off. Dry gangrene is often a cold, dry, colorless lesion with no watery or purulent discharge and is therefore known as dry.
Symptoms of dry gangrene
Numbness and coldness of the tissue are symptoms of dry gangrene
– Discoloration of the tissue affected by gangrene (from red to brown and eventually black)
The tissue affected by the gangrene becomes dry and mummified, and its outer shell may fall off.
Symptoms of wet gangrene
Severe swelling and pain in the affected area are signs of wet gangrene.
Stinky discharge from the tissue is another symptom of wet gangrene.
In wet gangrene, the appearance of dead tissue becomes wet and black.
تب Having a fever and symptoms of a blood infection are other signs of wet gangrene.
Symptoms of wet gangrene include redness of the tissue and discharge of watery or purulent discharge from it.
How is gangrene diagnosed?
Many causes of dry gangrene are not infectious (microbial)
– Physical examination of the patient by a doctor
Arteriogram: A special x-ray that shows blockage in a blood vessel.
Blood tests: In gangrene, the number of white blood cells may be too high.
– CT scan in gangrene to examine internal organs
– Culture of gangrenous tissue or wound secretion to identify bacterial infection
Examine suspected gangrene tissue under a microscope to see if the cells are dead.
– Surgery to find and remove dead tissue
Detection of gangrene by X-ray imaging
Treatment of gangrene
One treatment for gangrene is amputation
In gangrene, dead or rotten tissue must be removed to keep other tissues healthy and prevent further infections. If gangrene treatment is delayed, it can cause gangrene to spread throughout the body. Treatment for gangrene depends on the area involved, the patient’s condition and the cause of the gangrene, and includes the following:
♦ Amputation of gangrene
♦ Surgery to remove dead tissue and gangrene
♦ Surgery to improve blood flow to the gangrene area
. Prescribing antibiotics to treat gangrene
Frequent surgery to remove dead tissue and gangrene
Prevention of gangrene
To prevent gangrene, it is important to follow your treatment instructions carefully if you have diabetes. Examine your feet regularly for signs of diseased tissue. Always keep your nails short. Wear comfortable shoes and the size of your feet. Try not to hurt your body.
See your doctor if you have symptoms of infection (warmth, swelling, redness, pain, or tenderness) in a skin lesion.
Complications of gangrene
In gangrene, reconstructive surgery may be needed
Complications of gangrene depend on the cause and location of gangrene, its extent and general condition and include the following:
ο Organ failure due to amputation or removal of dead tissue is a complication of gangrene.
In gangrene, it may take a long time for the wound to heal.
ο In gangrene, reconstructive surgery may be needed, for example skin grafting.
Collection: Bitoteh Health Department
Source: Tebyan
